【作者简介】何奇峰，中国政法大学社会学院

【文章来源】《社会学评论》2025年第4期

【内容提要】在中国式现代化进程中，资本下乡与农民进城并存，对村庄社会变迁产生了深远影响。本文基于对云南省弥村的田野调查，以农民家庭为核心分析单位，从农业生产、家庭生活、社会交往三方面，探究村庄社会结构变迁与伦理延续的逻辑。文章提出“行动伦理-社会结构-经济制度”的同心圆发展模式，揭示了家庭本位的行动伦理作为内在驱动力，促使社会变革与乡土价值体系相互调适，形成传统伦理与现代制度的共生机制。这一发现为理解城乡互动逻辑、构建突破“传统-现代”二分的本土化发展理论框架提供了微观视角与经验支撑。

【关键词】资本下乡 / 农民进城 / 社会变迁 / 行动伦理

【全文链接】http://src.ruc.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V13/I4/139

Capital Going to the Countryside and Farmers Moving to Cities: Structural Changes and Ethical Continuity in Village Society

Abstract: In  the context of Chinese modernization, the downward flow of capital and the migration of farmers to cities have co-occurred, exerting a profound impact on rural social change. Based on fieldwork in Mi Village, Yunnan Province, this study takes peasant households as the core analytical unit to explore the logic of rural social structure transformation and ethical continuity from three dimensions: agricultural production, family life, and social interaction. The research proposes a “concentric-circle development model” of “action ethics-social structure-economic institutions”, revealing that family-oriented action ethics serve as an internal driving force, prompting the mutual adaptation between social transformation and the local value. This finding provides a micro-level perspective and empirical support for understanding the logic of urban-rural interaction and constructing an indigenous development theory framework that breaks through the“traditional-modern” dichotomy.