【作者简介】李钧鹏，华中师范大学社会学院；杨太文，华东师范大学社会发展学院

【文章来源】《社会学评论》2025年第5期

【内容提要】时间的社会性是时间社会学的核心议题。既有研究通常假定时间标准的同步性和共享性，较少讨论时间同步的产生条件与表现形式。以共时性来指代不同主体共享时间标准的性质，我们可以考察它的多种路径、层次、特征、范围与稳定性。区别于唯我论者的不可同步假设和先验主义者的普遍同步假设，社会学家在共时性上的立场普遍体现出建构性。依据建构的路径和方法，可以将共时性划分为主体间性、社会约定和生态-事件三种取向。共时性包含形式共时、内容共时和际遇共时三个层次，涉及个人、群体、国家乃至世界范畴，不同类型的共时性在稳定性和再生产过程上存在差别。思考共时性不仅有助于澄清时间社会学的核心概念，也为反思数智时代人类生存状态与社会时间节奏奠定了基础。

【关键词】时间 / 时间性 / 时间社会学 / 共时性

【全文链接】http://src.ruc.edu.cn/CN/Y2025/V13/I5/121

What Is Synchronicity?On the Assumptions of the Sociology of Time

Abstract: The social nature of time is a central theme in the sociology of time. Existing studies usually assume the synchronization and sharing of time standards,and rarely discuss the conditions and forms of synchronization. With synchronization referring to the nature of the sharing of time standards among different subjects, we can examine its multiple paths, levels,characteristics, scopes, and stability. In contrast to the un-synchronicity assumption of solipsists and the universal synchronization assumption of transcendentalist, sociological views on synchronization are constructive in nature. With respect to paths and methods of construction,synchronization can be categorized into three approaches: intersubjectivity, social convention, and ecology-event, which leads to three core issues. First, synchronization involves three levels: form synchronization, content synchronization, and encounter synchronization; second, it involves the scopes of individual, group, nation, and even the world; and third, different types of synchronization display differences in stability and their reproduction processes. Reflecting on synchronicity not only helps clarify core concepts in the sociology of time but also lays the groundwork for rethinking human existence and the rhythms of social time in the era of digital intelligence.